Self-guiding arrangement for parallel-rulers and the like.



S. SANDURSKYJ.

SELF GUIDING ARRANGEMENT FOR PARALLEL RULBRS AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION TILED JAN.18,1912.

1,084,71 1. Patented Jan. 20, 1914.

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SOZONT SANIDUESKYJ, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

SELF-GUIDING AIItRANGrEMENT FOR PARALLEL-RULERS AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 20, 1911 4.

Application filed. January 18, 1912. Serial No. 671,899.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SOZONT SANnURsKYJ, engineer, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at. 6/10 Tempelgasse, Vienna, Austria-I-Iungary, have invented new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Self-Guiding Arrangements for Parallel-Rulers and the like, of which the following is a specification.

This invention comprises improvements in and relating to self-guiding arrangements for parallel rulers and the like and refers particularly to that class of rulers fitted with sheaves or guides which engage with one or more wires or cords secured to the edges of the drawing board or other working surface. The arrangement of wires and sheaves is such that when the ruler has been adjusted to a horizontal or other desired position and the wires have been secured, should. the ruler be moved in relation to the board, it is self-guiding in such a fashion that it always retains parallelism with the position from which it was last moved. Thus a ruler so guided is advantageously employed in place of the ordinary T-squares, set squares, or parallel rulers commonly employed by draftsmen.

The present improvements have several objects in View, such as, for example, to render arrangements of this kind more accurate under various conditions, to prevent the ruler from falling down the board when the latter is tilted, to simplify the mode of attaching the guiding wires and to enable these arrangements to be applied to drawing boards with less restriction of the working area thereof than heretofore and also without exposing the wires to the danger of accidental breakage.

In previous self-guiding parallel rulers the adjustment of the ruler and guiding arrangements to a condition suitable for enabling the ruler to be worked to and fro across the drawing board at an angle to the horizontal, caused, or was liable to cause, inaccuracy in the working of the ruler. According to these improvements this inaccuracy, or tendency to inaccuracy, is obviated by providing for the self-adjustment of the wire loop at one side of the drawing board when even an adjustment of the ruler to or from the horizontal position is performed.

The term horizontal means, of course, a line running at right angles to the sides of the board.

The ruler may be prevented from falling down the board, when the latter is tilted, by providing a brake device which acts either upon a sheave or upon several of the latter, in one direction only, or upon the guiding wire or wires in one direction only. Such a brake device obviates the use of a counterweight which has been sometimes used for the purpose.

In making an adjustment of the ruler to or from a horizontal position, it is necessary to be able to quickly release and secure the guiding wire or wires in order to prevent loss of time which otherwise would be occasioned by such adjustments. These improvements therefore provide a clamp for securing the wire or wires, which clamp is capable of being released or tightened instantaneously and can be arranged in such a position as not to impede the draftsman.

Figure 1 is a plan of a known arrangement illustrating the cause of inaccuracy when working the ruler in an inclined position. Fig. 2 is a similar view of an improved arrangement which enables accuracy to be preserved in any position of the ruler. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of Fig. 2 but showing the ruler in the horizontal. position. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the lower right hand corner of Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line V-V of Fig. 4. Figs. 6 and 7 are views similar to Figs. 4 and. 5 respectively of a modification only Fig. 7 is a section on the line VIP-VII. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 4 of a modification, and Fig. 9 is an elevation of Fig. 8 seen from the right hand side. Fig. 10 is similar to Fig. 8 and shows a further modification. Fig. 11 is a plan and Fig. 12 is an edge view of an improved sheave, base plate and guide roller. Fig. 13 is a plan of a modified form of sheave, base plate and guide roller of which Fig. 14 is a central longitudinal section and Fig. 15 is a section on the line XV-XV of Fig. 13. Fig. 16 is a plan and Fig. 17 is a sectional elevation seen from the right hand side of Fig. 16, of a sheave, sheave brake base plate and guide roller. Fig. 18 is an elevation and Fig. 19 is a section on the line XIX-XIX of Fig. 18 of a wire clamp fitted to the edge of a drawing board.

Throughout the drawings a is the drawing board and b is the ruler having a sheave c at the left hand end and a sheave (Z at the right hand end. In the known arrangement seen in Fig. 1 a guide wire is fixed'at the lower left hand corner by a securing device 6 from which it passes upward to the sheave 0, over the latter, along the ruler under the sheave (Z and upward to the top right hand corner of the board a whereit is secured by the device f. A second guide wire is fixed at the top left hand corner by the device g from which it passes down to and under the sheave 0, along the ruler, over the sheave (Z and down to the bottom right hand corner of the board where it is secured by the device it. If the wires have been adjusted for guiding the ruler b so that it shall when moved up or down always retain a position at right angles to the sides of the board, it will be readily seen that, if an adjustment takes place so that the ruler, when moved up or down, is intended to always retain a position parallel with the dotted position seen in Fig. 1, inaccuracy of work and straining of the wires will result, owing to the variation of the angles inclosed by those portions of the wires lying between the sheave d and the securing devices f and h respectively. The same disadvantage occurs in a modified arrangement sometimes employed according to which sheaves or guides are fixed to the board in place of the securing devices f and it and a single wire is employed having its two ends fixed at e and g respectively and having been passed around the sheaves c and (Z as shown in Fig. 1, is looped so as to pass around the sheaves or pins replacing the securing devices. f and it.

Now according to this invention, and as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, when a single wire is employed its ends are fixed at e and 9; but the loop at the opposite side, instead of passing around sheaves or pins fixed to the face of the board so that the loop has a fixed position, is passed over guide devices and Z which permit the loop m n to shift to and fro in the direction of the length of the board, that is to say in the direction of the,

top and bottom edges of the board. F ollowing the course of the wire 7' it will be seen that it is taken from the device 6 up to and over the sheave 0, along the ruler 6, under the sheave (Z, up to and over the guide 76, downward behind the board, under and aroundthe guide device Z, .up to and over the sheave cl, along the ruler 6, under the sheave c, and up to the securing device 9. The guide devices shown in this figure are simple semi-cylindrical pieces with end flanges and they are fixed to and along the top and bottom edges of the board, but such guides may have any one of a large variety of forms as will be explained. The flight or length of wire passing to the back of the board and indicated by it may be secured at the back by a screw clamping device 0 which may be a device for taking up slack or for letting out wire as required.

From an inspection of Fig. 2 it will be apparent that two important advantages are achieved by the improved arrangement. Firstly the loop m n adjusts itself along its guides 7 Z whenever an adjustment in angularity of the ruler takes place and as no change of inclination occurs in any part of the wire loop m n during the movement of the ruler I) up or down the board 6:, accuracy is assured even when the ruler is moved so that its right hand end is pushed right up to the guide 70. Secondly, for normal working, the loopparts we will be close to the right hand side of the drawing board and no appreciable portion of the latter is occupied by the loop, owing to the latter being carried behind the board, instead of the whole loop lying upon the working surface of the board as was previously the case.

The semi-cylindrical form of guide device is clearly seen in the detail views Fi t and 5 from which it will be noted that the devices io Z project beyond the front of the board a to a greater extent than they project behind the back of the board for the reason that the portions m of the loop have to pass around the sheave d on the ruler. The guide devices however, may be of any desired form,

so long as they avoid wear and cutting of the wire and permit of the loop shifting easily to and fro. For example, the guides may take the form of small sheet metal troughs 29 Figs. 6 and 7 having curved front and rear walls Q and clamped to the board a by their edges, the front edge portion 1 being turned over to give the desired degree of projection to the front wall 9 for the reason explained above.

As shown in Figs. 8 and 9, a roller or. wide sheave .9 may be substituted for a device 70 or Z Figs. 2 to 5, and such roller .9 may be mounted in a bracket 25 fixed to the edge .of the board, nearer to the front surface than to the rear surface of such board. As an alternative to the last described modification and. as shown in Fig. 10 a grooved sheave u may be mounted so as to slide along a spindle v mounted in the bracket 25.

In order to relieve the guiding wire or wires of strain due to any force tending to shift the ruler b lengthwise, a guide roller 10 Figs. 11 and 12 may be provided upon the under surface of the ruler b. Such roller '10 may be mounted upon a base plate a? to which the sheave 0 (or it may equally well be the sheave d) is pivotally secured. The

pivot pin 3 of the roller w might pass through the ruler itself or it might lie beyond the end of the ruler. The roller 'w is not absolutely necessary, as a smooth pin such as y would answer the purpose. As shown in these figures the sheave c, and likewise the sheave (1, may be formed with two grooves one for each lap of the wire passing around the sheave.

A sheave (Z having two grooves is seen in Figs. 13 and 1d mounted upon a base plate av upon which a guide roller w is adjustably mounted so as to allow of the ruler being shifted out of the horizontal. The pin i of the roller w is carried by a plate 2 slidably arranged in a channel in the base plate 00 Figs. 13 to 15 and adapted to be held in any desired position on the latter by means of a clamping screw 1 passing through a slot in the plate as and fitted with a clamping nut 2 bearing upon the upper side of the plate as. In. order to prevent the ruler b falling down the board and descending freely over the guiding wires when the board is tilted, a brake may be arranged in connection with for example the sheave c as shown in Figs. 16 and 17. In these figures, a plate 3 is fixed on the base plate :0 and is formed with a curved slot for receiving a ball 4:. This ball is pressed against the sheave c by the wall of a tapering pocket or recess 5 formed in a blade spring 6 which is secured to the plates 3 and w by a screw at its left hand end. Owing to the form of the pocket 5 it will be seen that rotation of the sheave c in one direction tends to depress the ball 4: on to the Wall of the pocket and to increase the braking effect whereas rotation in the opposite direction raises the ball in the pocket and relieves the braking effect. Thus the brake device may be arranged to permit the sheave c to turn freely when the ruler b is pushed upward and to turn with more or less difficulty or resistance owing to the application of the brake when the ruler is moved downward. An adjusting screw 7 may be employed at the free end of the spring 6 for varying the tension or normal flexing of the spring as will be readily understood.

In order to provide for the instantaneous securing or releasing of the wires when adjustments are made for varying the angularity of the ruler as hereinbefore described, the device 0 may be provided with a clamping device shown in Figs. 18 and 19. This device is, by way of example, shown fitted to a guiding device similar to that illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 A clamping plate 8 is mounted in lugs 9, by means of end projections on the plate slidable in slots in the lugs 9. A finger lever 10 is pivoted in the lugs 9 by means of the pivotal projections 11 and the end 12 of the lever presses the clamping plate 8, in the position of the parts as illustrated, against the wire passing around the guide device When the lever 10 is turned to a position at right angles to that seen in Figs. 18 and 19, the plate 8 will be free to move nearer to the pivots 11 and the wire will be released.

Various modifications of the parts heroin before described are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of these improvements.

I claim 1. Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers or the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, a ruler, a guiding wire engaging said ruler at each end thereof, said wire being bent upon itself to form a loop between the ends of the wire and means for supporting said loop to slide in the direction of the length of the board.

2. Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers and the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, a guiding wire having its ends fixed to said board, said wire being bent upon itself to form a loop between the ends of the wire a ruler, guide devices supported near the ends of said ruler and engaging said wire, said wire being crossed between said loop guide devices, and loop guide devices supported at one end of said board with their guiding surfaces parallel with top and bottom edges of said board.

3. Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers, and the like, comprising in combina tion a drawing board, a guiding wire having its ends fixed to said board, said wire being bent upon itself to form a loop between the ends of the wire a ruler, guide devices supported near the ends of said ruler and. engaging said wire, which is crossed between said guide devices, and loop guide devices at the top and bottom edges of the drawing board at one end of the latter and arranged to permit said loop to move to and fro in the direction of the length of the board.

1. Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers and the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, a looped guiding wire having its ends fixed to said board, a ruler, guide devices supported near the ends of said ruler and engaging said wire, which is crossed between said guide devices and a curved loop guide device parallel with the top and bottom edges of said board, said device being arranged to permit said loop to move to and fro in the direction of the length of the board.

Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers and the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, a guiding wire having its ends fixed to the board, said wire being bent upon itself to form a loop between the ends of the wire a ruler, guide devices supported near the ends of said ruler and engaging said wire, which is crossed between said guide devices, bearings arranged in line with the top and bottom edges of said board near one end of the latter, rollers mounted on said bearings, said rollers slidably supporting the loop formed in said wire and serving to pass the same around the edge of the board,

6. Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers and the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, loop supporting devices on the board a ruler, wire guides at each end of said ruler, a wire having its ends fixed at the top and bottom corners of one end of the board, and forming a loop encircling the other end of said board, intermediate portions of said wire being crossed between the guides on the ruler and both guides and loop supporting devices on said board being adapted to permit said loop to be shifted along the board.

7. Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers and the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, a ruler, wire guides at each end of said ruler, a wire having its ends fixed at the top and bottom corners of one end of the board, and forming a loop encircling the other end of said board, inter-v mediate portions of said wire being carried under and over said guides and crossed between them, means on said board adapted to movably support said loop, and a clamp for securing said loop against movement.

8. Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers and the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, a guiding wire having its ends fixed to the board, a ruler, guide devices supported on each end of the ruler and engaging said wire which is crossed between said guide devices, said wire having a loop passing around one end of the board, and guiding projections fixed on the under surface of said ruler and adapted to move with the ruler up and down the board in close proximity to the end edges of said board, and means for adjusting the position of one of said projections on the ruler.

9. Self guiding arrangements for parallel rulers and the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, a guiding wire having its ends fixed to the board, a ruler, sheaves supported on said ruler near the ends thereof, said wire being carried around said sheaves and crossed between said sheaves, and an automatic ball brake device operative upon one of said sheaves in one direction of movement thereof.

10. Self guiding arrangement for parallel rulers and the like, comprising in combination a drawing board, a ruler, a guiding Wire, fastenings adapted to fix the ends of said wire to the board at one end of the latter, a sheave supported at each end of said ruler, said wire being carried from one fixing device over one sheave, along the ruler, under the opposite sheave, then looped around the other end of the board and over the last named sheave, and to the other ing device, and flanged guides at the top and bottom edges of the end of the board last mentioned, said guides being arranged to permit the loop passing around the board to move across the board.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

SOZONT SANDURSKYJ.

lVitnesses SOI-IULEM SALZMANN, AUGUST LorrLER.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents ,each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington. D. C, 

